The engine of the car is operated in various climatic conditions and at various loadings. At the same time temperature of cooling liquid and consequently, and the engine has to be regulated and remain in the narrow temperature range that is provided by the engine cooling system.

The cooling system of tight type turns on the water pump with the belt drive from a pulley of a bent shaft, the radiator fan, a radiator, a broad tank, the thermostat and a radiator of a heater, and also hoses and switches.

At launch of the cold engine cooling liquid circulates around the block of cylinders and a head of the block of cylinders. Intake of cooling liquid through a radiator is closed that provides the closed thermostat. When cooling liquid reaches the predetermined temperature, the thermostat opens and hot cooling liquid passes through a hose to a radiator as cooling liquid passes through a radiator, there is its cooling with a stream of counter air.

As cooling liquid when heating extends, its level in a broad tank which is connected by a hose to a radiator increases. Thus the necessary level of liquid in the cooling system is supported. During the cooling and compression of cooling liquid it comes back to a radiator owing to the vacuum arising at the same time.

In the cooling system there is no mouth and a stopper of a radiator. Cooling liquid is added directly to a broad tank.

The cooling system allows to maintain the working temperature of the engine in the required range, to provide optimum characteristics of work of a heater in the car and to reduce toxicity of the fulfilled gases with the minimum wear of the engine.

Heating of salon is carried out by the air which is warmed up in a radiator of a heater which is included in the cooling system. For increase in a stream of the air given to salon the heater fan serves. Air can come to salon, passing a heater radiator, to pass completely through a radiator or to mix up partially with the air which passed through a radiator therefore it is possible to regulate the air temperature of the car given to salon.

On all models the radiator cooled by a counter flow of air is used. In such radiators of capacity settle down not from above and from below, and on the right and to the left of a radiator core.

Radiators of cars with the automatic transmission are equipped with section for cooling of transmission liquid and have entrance and output branch pipes. On cars with the mechanical transmission there is no cooling system of transmission liquid. On cars with the air conditioning system radiators with the raised thermolysis are established.

The transparent plastic broad tank is connected by a hose to a radiator. At the movement of the car cooling liquid heats up that leads to its expansion. Excess of liquid at the same time flows from a radiator in a broad tank. At switching off of the engine cooling liquid cools down with reduction of volume and the volume of liquid which is forced out earlier is sucked in back in a radiator by the depression arising at the same time. Thus, all the time is supported the required level of cooling liquid in a radiator that increases efficiency of cooling of the engine. On the cold engine the level of cooling liquid has to be in a broad tank about a tag on a tank or above it.

Diameter of a five-bladed krylchatka of the fan is equal to 366 mm. The fan serves for increase in a stream of air via the radiator/condenser and is put in action by the electric motor attached to a radiator casing.

The engine of the fan turns on from the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid. On the cars equipped with the air conditioning system, the engine can turn on as well from the second sensor registering pressure created by the compressor in the condenser.

       PREVENTION

If blades of a krylchatka of the fan are damaged or bent, they are not subject to repair and further use. The damaged or deformed knot of the fan has to be replaced with new knot.

For operation of the fan its balancing which cannot be guaranteed at repair of a krylchatka of the fan is extremely important.

Incorrectly balanced fan of a radiator can collapse and scatter on a part at continuation of its operation that can create very dangerous situation.

For minimization of air circulation around the fan and the direction of a stream of air directly on the engine the fan is supplied with a casing.

The sensor of temperature includes a control lamp in combinations of devices at too high temperature of the engine at its overheat.

There is a possibility of replacement of a control lamp by the device showing engine temperature, and the sensor – on temperature converter.

The sensor of temperature of cooling liquid provides giving of tension on the radiator fan relay if temperature of cooling liquid exceeds 110 °C.

The thermostat is installed in an external contour of circulation of cooling liquid for management of a liquid stream via the engine for its bystry warming up and maintenance of temperature of cooling liquid. At launch of the cold engine cooling liquid circulates around the block of cylinders and a head of the block of cylinders. Intake of cooling liquid through a radiator is closed that provides the closed thermostat. When cooling liquid reaches the predetermined temperature, the thermostat opens and hot cooling liquid passes through a hose to a radiator as cooling liquid passes through a radiator, there is its cooling with a stream of counter air.

Opening and closing of the thermostat allows to maintain engine temperature in the required limits.

The engine cooling system with a broad tank is standard for all types of cars and is intended for maintenance of temperature of the engine in the required limits. Excess of liquid because of its volume expansion at temperature increase instead of pouring out from system, gets to a broad tank. At fall of temperature in system liquid is sucked in from a tank back in a radiator because of emergence of depression at reduction of volume of liquid. By production of the car in system high-quality cooling liquid with anticorrosive additives is filled in and provides protection against freezing at least to –37 °C. At maintenance of a proper correlation of antifreeze and water cooling liquid is calculated on normal operation within two years.